Pharmacology - Pharmacology & Drug Calculations MCQs with Answers

Answer: C. Streptomycin

Rifampicin: Rifampicin is generally considered safe during pregnancy and is included in standard treatment regimens for tuberculosis.
Ethambutol: Ethambutol is also considered safe for use during pregnancy and is a commonly prescribed anti-TB drug.
Streptomycin (Correct Option): Streptomycin is contraindicated during pregnancy because it is an aminoglycoside that can cause ototoxicity (hearing loss) in the fetus.
Isoniazid: Isoniazid is safe for use during pregnancy, often prescribed with pyridoxine to prevent peripheral neuropathy.

Answer: D. Intramedullary

Intraperitoneal: This refers to injecting a drug into the peritoneal cavity, not the bone marrow.
Intrathecal: This involves injecting a drug into the spinal canal (subarachnoid space), typically for anesthesia or central nervous system medications.
Intramedullary: Intramedullary refers to injecting a drug directly into the bone marrow cavity. This method is often used in emergencies for rapid medication administration when IV access is difficult,
particularly in pediatric cases.
Intraarterial: This involves injecting a drug directly into an artery, typically for localized treatment, such as chemotherapy for tumors.

Answer: B. Losartan

Losartan: Losartan is not recommended for lactating mothers due to its potential adverse effects on the baby.
Lisinopril: Lisinopril is generally considered safe for lactating mothers.
Enalapril: This drug is safe for use during breastfeeding.
Hydrochlorothiazide: This is a safe diuretic for lactating mothers.

Answer: A. Hs

sos: This stands for "if needed" or "as necessary" and does not indicate bedtime administration.
od: This stands for "once daily" and refers to a drug taken once in 24 hours, not specifically at bedtime.
hs: hs stands for "hora somni," which means at bedtime. It is used for medications that are intended to be taken at night before sleep.
ac: This stands for "before meals" and is unrelated to bedtime administration.

Answer: D. Pseudo parkinsonism

Bone marrow suppression: Chloramphenicol is known to cause bone marrow suppression, which can be reversible or progress to severe aplastic anemia.
Grey baby syndrome: Grey baby syndrome occurs in neonates due to the inability of immature livers to metabolize chloramphenicol, leading to toxicity.
Aplastic anemia: Chloramphenicol is associated with rare but severe aplastic anemia, which is irreversible and potentially fatal.
Pseudo parkinsonism: This is not an adverse effect of chloramphenicol. Pseudo parkinsonism is typically associated with antipsychotic drugs that block dopamine, not antibiotics.