Medical-Surgical Nursing - Renal & Urinary MCQs with Answers

Answer: D. Glycosuria

Oliguria: Oliguria refers to a reduced urine output, often due to dehydration or kidney dysfunction, and is unrelated to glucose presence.
Glycosuria: This is correct. Glycosuria refers to the presence of glucose in the urine, which is typically seen in conditions like uncontrolled diabetes mellitus due to high blood sugar levels exceeding the
renal threshold.
Hematuria: Hematuria indicates the presence of blood in the urine, often due to urinary tract infections, kidney stones, or trauma.
Pyuria: Pyuria refers to the presence of pus in urine, which suggests an infection in the urinary tract but has no connection to glucose.

Answer: A. Hypokalemia

Hyperkalemia: Hyperkalemia is a common symptom of renal failure due to the kidneys' inability to excrete potassium effectively.
Urine output: In renal failure, urine output is typically reduced (oliguria or anuria), making it a significant symptom of the condition.
Hyponatremia: Hyponatremia is common in renal failure, as the kidneys fail to regulate sodium balance properly, often leading to dilutional hyponatremia.
Hypokalemia: Hypokalemia is not common in renal failure. Instead, potassium levels usually rise (hyperkalemia) due to decreased renal excretion.