Newborn Problems & Jaundice MCQs for Nursing Exams

Answer: C. Vesicles, lethargy or poor feeding

Neonatal herpes can be devastating; acyclovir is started promptly.

Answer: A. Prepare to administer antibiotics intravenously

A. The feedings should immediately be stopped, but the NGT should be placed to allow decompression of the stomach. B. Vital signs should be obtained more frequently than every 4 hours because the infant is at high risk for peritonitis and sepsis. C. Intravenous antibiotics are administered to prevent or treat sepsis. D. Feedings are stopped immediately when a suspicion of NEC is present.

Answer: C. A 36-week breastfed infant with bruising from birth

Late preterm age, bruising and breastfeeding difficulties increase jaundice risk.

Answer: C. Breaks down bilirubin in the skin into substances that can be excreted in stool or urine

(A) The instillation of erythromycin ophthalmic preparation, not phototherapy, prevents ophthalmia neonatorum. (B) The administration of vitamin K (AquaMEPHYTON) assists the infant's clotting mechanism. (C) Excessive bilirubin accumulates when the infant's liver cannothandle the increased load caused by the breakdown of red blood cells postnatally. This excessive bilirubin seeps out of the blood and into the tissues, staining them yellow. Phototherapy accelerates the removal of bilirubin from the skin by breaking it down into substances that can be excreted in stool or urine. (D) Phototherapy decreases levels of unconjugated bilirubin, thereby preventing kernicterus.

Answer: C. 6–8 weeks

Timing of CHF with left-to-right shunts – large VSD or PDA rarely cause CHF before 6–8 weeks in term infants, because pulmonary vascular resistance falls slowly; earlier in preterm infants.